In sheet metal, there is a powerful bend constant known as the kfactor. Kfactor elo rating system, a constant used in elo rating system kfactor marketing, the growth rate of websites, apps, or a customer base kfactor sheet metal, the ratio of location of the. It is a kfactor calculator developed by the new zealand company knac solutions. The metal has to be stretched beyond the elastic limit, but not so far that it cracks or. Y factor and k factor represent part constants used in formulas to calculate the developed length of flat sheet metal required to make a bend of a specific radius.
The bend deduction is the amount the sheet metal will stretch when bent as measured from. The kfactor in sheet metal working is the ratio of the neutral axis to the material thickness. You just have to enter a value for the thickness of materials and bending radius, in inches or mm, and get the value of the k factor. The kfactordepends on the material, the type of bending operation coining, airbending.
Nandedkar3 1,2department of mechanical engineering. The sheet metals are initially received as rolls and cut into plain blankets and then formed into desired shape using above mentioned processes mainly bending and stamping. May 29, 20 so for a very large radius bend where the neutral axis lies right in the center of the material, the k factor would be exactly 0. This allows me to take the measurement of the length of the bend. Determining springback amount of steel sheet metal has 0. In low carbon steel sheet metal, the minimum radius of a bend should be one. In inventor this ratio determines the final size of the unfolded. Experimental and numerical investigations of sheet metal. When you bend sheet metal, the neutral axis shifts toward the inside surface of the bend. Design for manufacturability sheet metal guidelines bends for the ease of manufacturing, multiple bends on the same plane should occur in the same direction. Press brake air bending, a process of obtaining products by sheet metal forming, can be.
Determining the k factor for sheet metal 12052008 9. Twostage algorithm for determination of the bending. The line where the transition from compression to stretching occurs is called the neutral axis. Improved antigalling properties in sheet metal forming by the use of. Bending of sheet metal st37 using 90 degree to estimate. In sheet metal, there is a powerful bend constant known as the k factor. The difference between k factor, bend allowance and bend deduction in solidworks duration. I have idea to use sheet metal to avoid bend part option in standard modeling please imagine that i have curve which consists of 10 arcs, then i need to make 10 bending operations to get the wished shape.
Pdf development of a virtual machine for the sheet metal. I have idea to use sheet metal to avoid bend part option in standard modeling please imagine that i have curve which consists of 10 arcs, then i need to make 10 bending operations to get the wished shapethat is the reason why i am trying with sheet metals, but k factor makes a problems with material extension. You can calculate the developed length of sheet metal parts using bend calculation tables. Using our default kfactor bend table, the radiusthickness ratio is 0. Kfactor is a ratio that represents the location of the neutral sheet with respect to the thickness of the sheet metal part.
Bendingfolding page 2 the fabricator metal fabricating. Calculating bend allowance, bend deduction, and kfactor. Determining the kfactor for sheet metal 12052008 9. With bend calculation tables, you can define different angular ranges, assign equations to those ranges, and. In sheet metal design, the kfactor is used to calculate how much sheet metal one needs to leave for the bend in order to achieve particular final dimensions, especially for between the straight sides next the. Therefore, it is not part of the standard freecad install. The procedure for editing a sheet metal unfold rule is the same as for the creation of a new sheet metal rule as described previously with the omission of steps 4 and 5 where a copy of an existing rule is made and given a new name.
Another important factor which influences sheet metal forming is. Experimental study on sheet metal bending with mediumpower diode laser ml chen1, j jeswiet1, p j bates2, and g zak1 1mechanical and materials engineering, queens university, canada. The bend allowancebend deduction of the sheet metal specified in kfactor. When working in solidworks to create sheet metal designs, we will often need to know three important values. I had a question on k factors for our 3d modeling software. The surface profilometry measurements were performed with a wyko nt. In our approach, it is proposed to combine the use of a learning tool. How to set up sheet metal gauge tables engineers rule. In inventor this ratio determines the final size of the unfolded sheet metal part. Now lets see how we can obtain these values for a specific sheet. The k factor in sheet metal working is the ratio of the neutral axis to the material thickness.
Consult the sheet metal fabricator about the ba bending allowance, radius and k factor some figures may be used based on a rule of thumb or based on other peoples experience, however, its best if the fabricator gives you the table with sheet material type, thickness and ba and k factor. Add or edit a sheet metal unfold rule inventor autodesk. Autodesk inventor kfactor sheet metal cadline community. The thinning sheet forces the neutral axis to shift inward toward the inside bend radius. The program is very simple and user friendly and requires no previous knowledge. Apart from this, we also provide sheet metal fabrication works and complete fabrication solution. The sheet metal parameters to understand when dealing with bend tables are. The bend allowancebend deduction of the sheet metal specified in k factor by configuring and utilizing a sheet metal gauge table, we can speed up the process of selecting the correct wall thickness based on gauge value and selecting. When metal is bent the top section is going to undergo compression and the bottom section will be stretched. Determining the kfactor for sheet metal cr4 discussion thread. The solidworks application also comes with a kfactor bend table in microsoft excel format. Press working operations sheet metal free download as powerpoint presentation.
Sheet metal bend parameters and bend allowance youtube. Forming and springback prediction in press brake air bending. We did a quick study and determined the kfactor for one condition we. Kfactor in autodesk inventor sheet metal parts the k factor in sheet metal is the ratio of thickness to the location of the neutral line in the metal cross section. Experimental study on sheet metal bending with medium. Sheet metal bending terpconnect university of maryland.
The k factor in sheet metal is the ratio of thickness to the location of the neutral line in the metal cross section. In solidworks there are several options for sheet metal bend allowance calculations. I came across a community sponsored application that will aid any sheet metal designer. Experimental study on sheet metal bending with mediumpower diode laser ml chen1, j jeswiet1, p j bates2, and g zak1 1mechanical and materials engineering, queens university, canada 2chemistry. Determining the kfactor for sheet metal cr4 discussion. However, it also applies to everyone using sheet metal in inventor. I have to keep changing my bend allowance and k factor in autodesk inventor sheet metal when i model up my companies 2d drawings. The yfactor is used, as far as i know, solely by ptcs proengineer, now known as creo elementspro. In order to find the k factor you will need to bend a sample piece and deduce the bend allowance. In my previous post i talked about k factor, bend allowance and bend deduction and what they mean in sheet metal design. The sheet metal bending, being an important sheet metal forming. Press brakes are the most common bending equipment in fabricating shops.
With these experiments, springback graphics of steel sheet metal. K factor is a ratio that represents the location of the neutral sheet with respect to the thickness of the sheet metal part. Even the sheet metal bending is one of the most common metal working operations, the springback. It ultimately allows you to estimate the amount of stretch without knowing what type of material you are bending. Bending is a manufacturing process that produces a vshape, ushape, or channel shape. Experimental and numerical investigations of sheet metal circular bending viorel paunoiua. Sheet metal parts are some of the most important semifinished products. So a correction factor for each pass has been found out and applied to the. Pdf bend allowance constants for use in sheet metal forming. Pdf download for forming and springback prediction in press brake air. In general, the tooling only touches the sheet metal along these 3 lines.
Certain operations may be merged by using a single tool to perform all of them with one. One of the most widely accepted analytic representations of simple sheet metal bending is based on. Response to question concerning kfactors by material type and forming method. These presses are cnc controlled and make facilitate the bending operation immensely. Pdf in this work the development of a virtual machine for the simulation of. Sheet metal bending pressbrakes can be setup to produce more than one type of part without requiring.
Sheet metal is an external workbench evolved to design and unfold sheet metal parts. The model derived can be effectively used to study the effect of various parameters on the bending force and can be helpful to. Solidworks sheet metal tools are relatively straight forward, but may not be clearly understood. Three of the most commonly used options are using a k factor value, a bend allowance value, or a bend deduction value. These calculations will determine the length of the flattened pattern shape. The k factor is the ratio of the neutral axis location t to the material thickness mt. K factor is required to calculate the flat pattern. The procedure for editing a sheet metal unfold rule is the same as for the creation of a new sheet metal rule as described previously with the omission of steps 4 and 5 where a. Our company fabricates panels from common steel sheetmetal astm a569 and i have plenty of information available as to bend allowances for the. Ltd, is manufacturers and suppliers of a superior range of fire alarm cabinets, cabinet in, panel boards, iron table and storage racks.
The bending and forming of metals are cold working operations which involve plastic deformation of the workpiece. Sheet metal bending is one of the most widely applied sheet metal operations. So for a very large radius bend where the neutral axis lies right in the center of the material, the kfactor would be exactly 0. Ive created an excel spreadsheet to figure out kfactors and bend allowances. Kfactors, yfactors, and press brake bending precision. Sheet metal components are generally metal formed through various forming processes majorly involving bending, deep drawing, roll forming, stamping, punching, piercing etc. Since the k factor is based on the property of the metal and its thickness there is no simple way to calculate it ahead of the first bend. Sheet metal basics sheet metal interview questions for. When you select kfactor as the bend allowance, you can specify a kfactor bend table.
In the flat patterned state i have the merge solids option selected off. As i mentioned in my last post you need to do some tests to calculate these values for a specific sheet. Avoid large sheet metal parts with small bent flanges. Can anyone point me to some rules that i should use please. In sheet metal design, the k factor is used to calculate how much sheet metal one needs to leave for the bend in order to achieve particular final dimensions, especially for between the straight sides next the bend.
The bending technology area covers all manner of machines and processes for bending sheet metal, especially press brakes, folders, and panel benders. Mar 02, 2010 i have to keep changing my bend allowance and k factor in autodesk inventor sheet metal when i model up my companies 2d drawings. Sheet metals bending and forming processes springerlink. Nandedkar3 1,2department of mechanical engineering 3department of production engineering 1,2government college of engineering, aurangabad m. One of the most widely accepted analytic representations of simple sheet metal bending is based on bend. Process information model for sheet metal operations. At rime the forming is carried out using four modern cnc press.
Typically the k factor is going to be between 0 and. A search formulation and algorithm is developed to optimize operation bending sequence for. With bend calculation tables, you can define different angular ranges, assign equations to those ranges, and calculate the developed length of the part. It is widely use d in industry, from the mass pro duction o f small me tal pa rts to the f abrica tion of items in sh. A k factor is a percentage multiplier for locating the neutral axis. Press working operations sheet metal sheet metal bending. Design for manufacturability sheet metal guidelines. Dec 27, 2016 when working in solidworks to create sheet metal designs, we will often need to know three important values. Sheet metal bend allowance calculations with solidworks. A kfactor is a percentage multiplier for locating the neutral axis. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site.
The program is used to calculate the kfactor in sheetmetal bending. A few among the most common applications of sheet metal parts are as automobile and aircraft panels, housings, cabinets. At rime the forming is carried out using four modern cnc press brakes with 4, 6, 8 and 16 m dimensions. The program is used to calculate the k factor in sheetmetal bending. Experimental study on sheet metal bending with mediumpower.
Bending or folding is a chipless metal sheet forming method, in which metal sheets or plates are formed by the effect of mechanical force. Assessing the acquisition of generic skills in open postgraduate. Most cad systems that have sheet metal design tools will allow you to input a k factor that the software uses to calculate the unfolding to give an accurate blank, or flat pattern. With these experiments, springback graphics of steel sheet metal sheet metal, with 20. To avoid this the bend radius should be selected to suit the steel material 11, 17, from 0. Bending is one of the most commonly use d methods of sheet metal forming.
Use the known k factor and the known inner bending radius to calculate the bending radius of the neutral line. Sheet metal bending design tips, bend allowance, k. Jul 04, 2011 in solidworks there are several options for sheet metal bend allowance calculations. The kfactor approximations given below are more likely to be accurate for air bending. Pdf study on effects of spring back on sheet metal bending. In low carbon steel sheet metal, the minimum radius of a bend should be onehalf the material thickness or 0. Can anyone point me to some rules that i should use.
950 974 827 1076 853 808 134 971 782 646 68 609 317 1246 1078 1352 361 722 103 1544 674 858 534 1305 1472 185 1080 1266 1449 161 629 357 1423 425 351 772 1281 1108 1324 1224 84